Operators in JAVA

OPERATORS 

Operators are the keywords in any programming language that perform the specific pre defined or user defined task on a set of operands . Operands are the values on which the operation is performed to result into a specific value . 

Following types of operators are available in  JAVA . Here is the categorization of Operators and their details with examples :

Arithmetic operators :

• Arithmetic operators as the name suggests perform the arithmetic operations .
• Arithmetic operations are performed on two given operations .
• Following Arithmetic operations are available in JAVA  :

1. Addition (+)
2. Subtraction(-)
3. Multiplication(*)
4. Division(/)
5. Modulus (%)

Here is an example of modulus operator :

25%5=5

i.e. modulus operator between two operands gives us the result and would be equal to the remainder that we get after dividing both the operands.

Now, how  you think a java program will resolve the following problem:

1. (-10)%(3)
2. (10)%(-3)
3. (-10)%(-3)  

These are three different cases and it should be made clear clear that SIGN OF DENOMINTOR IS NOT CONSIDERED , IT ASSIGNES THE SIGN OF NUMERATOR AS THE SIGN OF FINAL RESULT.

Hence result to above three problems would be :

1. (-10)%(3)     = -1
2. (10)%(-3)     =   1
3. (-10)%(-3)    = -1

Logical Operators

These operators perform the logical tasks . We have three logical operatos and these are :

1. AND operator (&&)
2. OR operator (||)
3. NOT operator (!)

AND operator considers the statement to be valid if both the two statements on which operator is applied are true . In other words we can say that , logic is true iff both A and B are true.

OR operator considers the statement to be valid if any one statement among the given is valid .

In other words logic is true if any one operand is true .

NOT operator compliments the logic . That is it changes true to false and vice versa.

for more clarification consider the table below :

A	B	A&&B	A||B
0	0	0	0
0	1	0	1
1	0	0	1
1	1	1	1

Conditional operators :We have only one conditional operator called  TERNARY operators.

the operator is represented by  ?:  and it works like an if else statement .

consider the following statement 

                                                           

a>b?a:b

It means that "If a>b then a Else b" 

Relational Operators :

Relational operators are basically used to compare two numbers. 

in JAVA we have the following relational operators . 

( > , < , >= , <= , == )  and these are (greater than , less than , greater than equl to , less than equal to , to check the equality) respectively .

Bit -Wise Operators :

Bit Wise operators are  (&,|, ^, >> ,<<).

Now the point is that what is the difference between logical and Bit-Wise operators ?

Both of the operators perform AND , OR operation but the difference is in the way they perform .
in BIT-WISE operators the operands are first converted into the binary form  i.e.  bits and then the operation is performed .

Increment and Decrement Operators :

These operators are called UNARY OPERATORS as they operate on a single Operand.
Increment operator increments the number and operates in two ways : 

++a  and  a++  :

a++ (Post increment)	++a (Pre Increment)
Consider the following expression :  int a = 10 ; int b = a++;  It will first assign the value of ‘a’ to ‘b’ and then will increment ‘a’. The output of the above expression would be : a = 11 b = 10	Consider the following expression :  int a = 10 ; int b = ++a ; It will first increment the value of ‘a’ and then will assign the value to ‘b’. The output of the above expression would be : a = 11 b = 11

                               

Same is in the case of decrement operator . It decreases the value of operand by 1 . 
In decrement operator also we have same same post decrement ans pre decrement and they work in similar way :

a-- (Post increment)	--a (Pre Increment)
Consider the following expression : int a = 10 ; int b = b-- ; It will first assign the value of ‘a’ to ‘b’ and then will decrement ‘a’. The output of the above expression would be : a = 9 b = 10	Consider the following expression : int a = 10 ; int b = --b ; It will first decrement the value of ‘a’ and then will assign the value to ‘b’. The output of the above expression would be : a = 9 b = 9